{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":"Natural Protective Features Along New York's Ocean Shoreline and Their Response to Extreme Events","metadata":[{"label":"dc.description.sponsorship","value":"This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree."},{"label":"dc.format","value":"Monograph"},{"label":"dc.format.medium","value":"Electronic Resource"},{"label":"dc.identifier.uri","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77752"},{"label":"dc.language.iso","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dc.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.abstract","value":"Features providing natural protection against erosion and flooding are defined in the laws of New York State to include dunes, bluffs, and beaches. In addition, structural hazard areas are defined to be stretches of the coast where the long-term recession rate is greater than one foot per year. LiDAR data was used to identify NPFs and examine shoreline recession rates at 750 transects along the south shore of eastern Long Island. Meaningful combinations of NPFs included dunes in front of bluffs, dunes formed on top of bluffs and multiple dunes. Single dunes were the NPFs along 27.1% of the shoreline; multiple dunes comprising 20.7%. Bluffs were the NPF along 26.6% of the shoreline. Dunes in front of a bluff comprised 12.1% and dune on top of a bluff crest made up 12.9%. (The remaining 0.6% of the shoreline was identified as the beach). Dunes provide the first line of defense against extreme events, but in the face of a long-term rise in sea level, the excavation of the bluff face is likely to be the factor controlling shoreline retreat. Combination of NPFs do not necessarily equate to high (or low) resilience.  Shoreline recession rates were calculated as a linear regression of high-water shorelines from 1983, 1999, 2003, 2010 and 2013. Calculated recession rates were biased by the occurrence of longshore sandwaves. These features were found to occur between 23% and 82% of the time. Spectra analysis shows a dominant wavelength of shoreline recession rate to be 1.5 km. The cause of sandwaves are debatable, but their presence can impact the calculation of recession rates.  A shore-process model (CSHORE) using wave and surge data for a 12-day period based on Superstorm Sandy were used predicted that the beach profile would have lost an average volume of 68 m3/m but ranged up to 137 m3/m. Model results were about twice those observed using LiDAR data after Hurricane Sandy, but neither that event or earlier historical events seemed to permanently alter the response of the shoreline to later conditions."},{"label":"dcterms.available","value":"2017-09-20T16:53:30Z"},{"label":"dcterms.contributor","value":"Bokuniewicz, Henry"},{"label":"dcterms.creator","value":"Huang, Hanlu"},{"label":"dcterms.dateAccepted","value":"2017-09-20T16:53:30Z"},{"label":"dcterms.dateSubmitted","value":"2017-09-20T16:53:30Z"},{"label":"dcterms.description","value":"Department of Marine and Atmospheric Science"},{"label":"dcterms.extent","value":"135 pg."},{"label":"dcterms.format","value":"Application/PDF"},{"label":"dcterms.identifier","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77752"},{"label":"dcterms.issued","value":"2016-12-01"},{"label":"dcterms.language","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dcterms.provenance","value":"Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T16:53:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nHuang_grad.sunysb_0771E_13150.pdf: 9128513 bytes, checksum: 38b81abcb56669cc03dd8ee4951df6b8 (MD5)\n  Previous issue date:    1"},{"label":"dcterms.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.subject","value":"CSHORE, Longshore Undulation, Natural Protective Feature"},{"label":"dcterms.title","value":"Natural Protective Features Along New York's Ocean Shoreline and Their Response to Extreme Events"},{"label":"dcterms.type","value":"Dissertation"},{"label":"dc.type","value":"Dissertation"}],"description":"This manifest was generated dynamically","viewingDirection":"left-to-right","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Page 1","height":1650,"width":1275,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/49%2F54%2F82%2F49548214826463207807602665625557491537/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","height":1650,"width":1275,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/49%2F54%2F82%2F49548214826463207807602665625557491537","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json"}]}]}]}