{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":"It's a NO for Bacterial Settlement: Nitric Oxide Regulated Biofilm Formation and Protein Expression","metadata":[{"label":"dc.description.sponsorship","value":"This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree."},{"label":"dc.format","value":"Monograph"},{"label":"dc.format.medium","value":"Electronic Resource"},{"label":"dc.identifier.uri","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77169"},{"label":"dc.language.iso","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dc.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.abstract","value":"Nitric Oxide (NO) is a diatomic signaling molecule that regulates diverse bacterial behaviors. Its effect on cell motility has been established in many microbial systems, but the molecular mechanism remains understudied. Some bacteria have an H-NOX (Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen-binding) domain that functions as an NO sensor. It is found in the same operon with two component signaling histidine kinases or diguanylate cyclases (DGC) that synthesize and degrade cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP). C-di-GMP is a secondary signaling molecule that regulates bacterial motile to sessile lifestyle transition. In this dissertation, we dedicated our effort toward understanding the effect on bacterial biofilm by NO/H-NOX regulated signaling pathway. In <italic>Vibrio harveyi</italic>, NO mediates quorum sensing (QS) through the H-NOX/HqsK pathway. We show that NO regulates flagellar production and biofilm formation in a concentration dependent manner. At low nanomolar concentration of NO, repression of flagellin coincides with enhanced biofilm. As NO concentration increases (100~200nM), a global switch takes place in protein expression and results in decreased flagellar production and less promotion of biofilm. In <italic>Shewanella woodyi</italic>, H-NOX binds a bifunctional DGC (SwHaCE). Nanomolar levels of NO repress biofilm formation through c-di-GMP degradation, and enhance phosphodiesterase activity of <italic>Sw</italic>HaCE, leading to c-di-GMP hydrolysis. H-NOX regulation is not limited to iv proteins in the same operon. <italic>Sw</italic>H-NOX can also interact with <italic>Vh</italic>HqsK homologue, <italic>Sw</italic>HK (Swoo_2833). Weaker biofilm phenotype in response to NO is attenuated when SwHK gene is disrupted in <italic>S. woodyi</italic>. In summary, NO mediates biofilm formation and protein expression via binding sensor protein H-NOX in multiple systems. Since biofilm is the predominant form of bacteria in natural aquatic environment, revealing the NO signaling mechanism would facilitate further understanding of bacterial group behavior."},{"label":"dcterms.available","value":"2017-09-20T16:52:08Z"},{"label":"dcterms.contributor","value":"Tonge, Peter"},{"label":"dcterms.creator","value":"Xu, Yueming"},{"label":"dcterms.dateAccepted","value":"2017-09-20T16:52:08Z"},{"label":"dcterms.dateSubmitted","value":"2017-09-20T16:52:08Z"},{"label":"dcterms.description","value":"Department of Chemistry."},{"label":"dcterms.extent","value":"128 pg."},{"label":"dcterms.format","value":"Application/PDF"},{"label":"dcterms.identifier","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/77169"},{"label":"dcterms.issued","value":"2015-08-01"},{"label":"dcterms.language","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dcterms.provenance","value":"Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T16:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nXu_grad.sunysb_0771E_11958.pdf: 4657628 bytes, checksum: 1dd8b19d158df18cdb799f2a8611435b (MD5)\n  Previous issue date: 2014"},{"label":"dcterms.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.subject","value":"Chemistry"},{"label":"dcterms.title","value":"It's a NO for Bacterial Settlement: Nitric Oxide Regulated Biofilm Formation and Protein Expression"},{"label":"dcterms.type","value":"Dissertation"},{"label":"dc.type","value":"Dissertation"}],"description":"This manifest was generated dynamically","viewingDirection":"left-to-right","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Page 1","height":1650,"width":1275,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/73%2F59%2F45%2F7359452383823451418085621530930355827/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","height":1650,"width":1275,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/73%2F59%2F45%2F7359452383823451418085621530930355827","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json"}]}]}]}