{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/manifest.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","label":"Radium Isotopes as Tracers of Pore Water Dynamics in Two Long Island Salt Marsh Systems","metadata":[{"label":"dc.description.sponsorship","value":"This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree."},{"label":"dc.format","value":"Monograph"},{"label":"dc.format.medium","value":"Electronic Resource"},{"label":"dc.identifier.uri","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76113"},{"label":"dc.language.iso","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dc.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.abstract","value":"A study of pore water residence time as traced by short-lived radium (Ra) isotopes (224Ra and 223Ra) was conducted on two marsh systems in the south shore of Long Island, New York.  Pore water was collected in July (summer) and November-December (winter) of 2013 at depths of 20 cm and 120 cm over three-station transects from the inner marsh to the marsh edge adjacent to a tidal channel. One of the marsh systems is the Wertheim Nationals Wildlife Refuge (NWR), from which two marshes were sampled; Wertheim 1 (W1), a restored marsh, and Wertheim 2 (W2), non-restored. The second marsh system is located at Seatuck NWR, which has been identified as in need of restoration. This study is based on the principle that short-live Ra isotopes accumulate in pore water by recoil following production from radioactive decay of parents nuclides. Thus this study assumes that the activity of Ra isotopes must reflect the length of time the pore water remains in contact with the solids as well as the geochemical conditions. Based on a transport-reaction model, the results for W1 showed average residence were 2.4 days for summer at 20 cm and 3.6 days at 120 cm, while winter showed averages of 3 days at 20 cm and 5 days at 120 cm. Shallow samples (20 cm) at the W1 marsh edge had shorter residence times than deep samples. W2 showed pore water residence times for summer of 2.6 days at 20 cm and 1.4 days at 120 cm, while winter showed 2 days at 20 cm and 1 day at 120 cm, however the spatial and temporal distribution was more evident than at W1, with shorter residence times at shallow depth at the marsh edge and mid-marsh in winter while the opposite was detected for summer, suggesting that drainage during summer is more characterized by deep flow (120 cm). Winter samples for the Wertheim marshes show shorter pore water residence times at shallow depth and the marsh edge, suggesting a possible tidal drainage effect given by proximity to the tidal channel and characterized by faster flow of pore water from the marsh edge at 20 cm than at 120 cm. The Seatuck marsh showed average pore water residence times for summer of 6 days at 20 cm and 2.6 days at 120 cm, while winter showed 6 days at 20 cm and 5 days at 120 cm. Seatuck had with longer residence times at shallow samples, and a possible spatial and temporal pattern of decreasing residence times from the marsh edge toward the marsh interior, and longer residence times during winter. The overall pore water salinity (PSU) for Wertheim 1 was 14.2 and 15.2 for summer and winter samples respectively, however salinities were higher at 120 cm, and the salinity at the tidal channel was 8.1 for summer and 8.7 for winter. Wertheim 2 had an overall pore water salinity of 13 and 24.7 for the summer and winter samples respectively, and higher salinities were found at 20 cm depth relative to 120 cm, and the salinity at the tidal channel was 8.4 for summer and 15.2 for winter. The overall pore water salinities for Seatuck were 18.3 for summer and 20.9 for winter, and higher values were found at 20 cm depth in summer while winter showed the opposite, and the salinity at the tidal channel was 20.5 \u2030 for summer and 21.4 \u2030 for winter. Salinity for all the sampled marshes showed a possible spatial pattern with higher salinity pore water at deep samples at Wertheim 1 through the transect, while the opposite was found at Wertheim 2 and Seatuck. The observations on salinity suggest a possible lateral flow through the marshes. This study proposes a method to age marsh pore water at different depths that could have potential to study and compare marsh systems that require restoration or to examine the responses to modifications made through restoration activities.  Most of marsh post-restoration studies and monitoring activities study look at the marsh surface area, however the geochemical processes at the rhizosphere of low-to-intertidal marsh, as well as the role of the subterranean estuary in marshes are not fully understood. Therefore there is a significant need for geochemical methods that can be integrated into pre- and post-restoration projects and improve our understanding of marsh drainage and overall hydrology."},{"label":"dcterms.available","value":"2017-09-20T16:42:23Z"},{"label":"dcterms.contributor","value":"Cochran, Kirk"},{"label":"dcterms.creator","value":"Salazar, Camilo"},{"label":"dcterms.dateAccepted","value":"2017-09-20T16:42:23Z"},{"label":"dcterms.dateSubmitted","value":"2017-09-20T16:42:23Z"},{"label":"dcterms.description","value":"Department of Marine and Atmospheric Science."},{"label":"dcterms.extent","value":"57 pg."},{"label":"dcterms.format","value":"Monograph"},{"label":"dcterms.identifier","value":"http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76113"},{"label":"dcterms.issued","value":"2015-12-01"},{"label":"dcterms.language","value":"en_US"},{"label":"dcterms.provenance","value":"Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T16:42:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nSalazar_grad.sunysb_0771M_12469.pdf: 87315403 bytes, checksum: 10d91e5ff910416cbb46d169b9cb4e45 (MD5)\n  Previous issue date:    1"},{"label":"dcterms.publisher","value":"The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY."},{"label":"dcterms.subject","value":"Groundwater, Isotope, Marsh, Pore Water, Radium, Tracer"},{"label":"dcterms.title","value":"Radium Isotopes as Tracers of Pore Water Dynamics in Two Long Island Salt Marsh Systems"},{"label":"dcterms.type","value":"Thesis"},{"label":"dc.type","value":"Thesis"}],"description":"This manifest was generated dynamically","viewingDirection":"left-to-right","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Page 1","height":1650,"width":1275,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/47%2F41%2F27%2F47412702424737842658013383990608154490/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","height":1650,"width":1275,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/47%2F41%2F27%2F47412702424737842658013383990608154490","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"}},"on":"https://repo.library.stonybrook.edu/cantaloupe/iiif/2/canvas/page-1.json"}]}]}]}